Heating appliance.



J. T. MERCIER..

HEATING APPLIANCE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 5. 1913. IIEIIIswED IuLY 23.1915.

1 153,096, Il Patented Sept. 7', 1915.

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CQLL'MBIA PLANDGRAPH CO..WASHINGTON, D. C.

entren s s earn ,rien

f l'MGCLAVlEl, r OF CHCGO, ILLINOIS.

i VHEATIFNGr APPLIANGE.

License.

ySpecification of Letters-Patent.

Patenten sept.'- inicia Application ledMay 5, 1913, Serial No.'765,593. Renewed Julyi23, 1915. Sera1`No.41',618.

To aZZ'w/lomt't may concern Be it knownfthat I, Josnri-I'T. lll/inneren, a citizen of the United ySta-tes, residing at Ghicago, in the county of Cool: and State vot illinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Heating Appliances, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to a heating appliance adapted for use in buildings generally and particularly adapted toruse in railway cars and similar traveling conveyances.`

The objects ot 'the present invention are to provide an equipment which will render the heating system simple and easy ofcontrol; which will produce a circulating body vof hot water through the pipes of the radiator; which will utilize a singlefchambered member to receive fresh steam; establish a direct communication between the pipe for the fresh steam and the pipesof the radiator coils, and which will have a passage therein for the discharge oi' air and water et condensation from the coils, `and which will have directly connected thereto a main discharge pipe i'or the system; and to arrange this chambered member together with allio'f its connections within the interior of' the structure to be heated.

A further object of the invention is vto produce an equipment for the purpose specified which is cheap lof-Inanufacture and durable of use, containing no involved mechanism or delicate parts which would be liable to Vget out otorder.

The invention furthervconsistsfin the features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

ln the drawings: Figure l1 isa `perspective of the heating applianc'ecttheV present invention in operative position and with all attachmentsconnected thereto FigtQ a vertical sec'tiion of the' chambered member to which the steamand radiator `pipes are connected, and through which the steam passes to the radiator pipes and into which the air and water of condensation 'passes from said pipes. Fig. 3 a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction ofthe arrows.

The present invention, as heretofore stated, relates to a heating appliance' which may be used in buildings generally and which is particularly designed and adapted for use upon traveling conveyances, as for instance 'period of time thereafter.

`ing which might comp Vsleeping cars, railroad coaches, etc. llnthis which will heat the car quickly, which will maintain the heat in the car at an even temperature, and which lwill hold the heat -for any substantial length of time after the steam supply. has been cut off, and which will be suihciently strong and compact to withstand the jolting and jarring incident to use, without becoming disordered.

V'ihe present invention operates so as to quickly eject the air from the vpipes otfthe radiator coil and lill the same with steam,

cumulate in a waterof condensation'chamber and then allow this'water otycondensationto enter the steam chamber where it bey"then allow the steam to condense Vand-a'ccomes heated and rises, thusmaintaining a circulation through the Jpipesot the radia-y tor, as will be more fully explained hereinafter. The initial entering offthe steam through thepipes will eliectithefquick heating of the vcar desired, and the accumulation and circulation ofh'ot water willproduce a heat which is eveny and bring about a condition so that when the supply of steam is cut oil yfrom the car the heat-stored within vthe coils will be 'given oil for a considerable All-of the connections forthe entrance ofjsteam' finto and the ydischarge of air and I water of condensa.- tion from the pipes of the 'radiator are made to a single Vchambered'meinber locatedy withiin the structureto be heated.

The present invention' further eliminates all delicate valves and .multiplicity of ycast- Y 'lieate and render easy otdisorder a heating'system. y

Referring tothe drawings, and 'more particularly to Fig. l, a radiator-coil is there shown lconsisting ofanupper'pipe 2l, a middle pipe 5, and a lower pipe `6, although the number-and size of these pipes tmay be varied in accordance withthe ideas of the manufacturer. As shown there are-a set of pipes extending in opposite directions from a casting?, although the particular arrangement of the casting and pipesfmay'be varied. Each set of pipeshas its outer ends connected to a bend or connection 8er any suitable style, vthe innerends 'of which set of pipes are connected to the castingf'?, and suitable bosses 9 are provided on said casting toreceive said pipes. The casting 7 in the construction shown is of an integral i.-shaped formation consisting of what may be termed a vertical portion 10 and a horizontal'portion l1.

By referring to Fig. 2 it will be seen'that this casting is of a chambered nature, and that it is provided on its interior with a horizontally extending cross wall 12, and a vertical cross wall 13, which latter merges into the horizontal cross wall. rlhese cross walls divide the interior of the chambered casting or member into a steam chamber 14, and an air and water of condensation chamber 15. rIhe steam chamber consists of a vertically eXtending passage 16 which merges into the main portion of the steam chamber and said main portion of the chamber occupies the upper portion of the casting. In the construction shown a protuberance 17 is formed on the castingand this protuberance is chambered and forms a portion of the steam chamber. `The chamber in the bossv communicates with the upper portion 18 of the vertical portion of the casting 7, or infother words with the main steam chamber, and the pipes 4 and 5 of the steam coil are in direct communication with this upper portion 18; that is they are in direct communication with the steam chamber.

A steam supply pipe 19 is provided,which enters, and is directly connected with the front of the horizontal portion 11 of the casting 7, and has communication with the steam chamber through a port or opening 2O formed in a wall 21 within the casting. It will be noticed that the port 2O is of a tapered formation, a shiftable valvey 22 is provided having seating face 23 adapted to seat against the walls of the port 20, and close communication between the steam pipo and the steam chamber, cutting ofi' the flow of steam to the pipes of the radiator. This action, however, will be more fully explained hereinafter. When steam is initially admitted to the system, the pressure of the same will force the valve 22 into the position shown in Fig. 2, opening the port 20 and allowing steam to pass into the steam chamber 14 of the casting 7, and into the pipes 4 and 45 of the radiator coils, the lowermost pipe 6 of said coils communicates directly with the air and water of condensation discharge chamber 15, and said discharge chamber, as will be seen by referring to Fig. 2 is positioned in the lower rear portion of the casting 7. A main discharge pipe 24 communicates directly with this discharge chamber. I

The casting is provided with oppositely disposed bosses 25 at its lower end. Into one of-these bosses enters the forward end of the discharge pipe 24. In practice only one discharge pipe will be employed, so that when said pipe is aiiiXed, a plug 26 will be inserted into the opening in the other boss 25. I rovide bosses on each side so that the discharge pipe may be connected to either side of the casting desired. This feature is made by reason of the fact, that in installing the appliance it may become necessary to vary the position of the discharge pipe in order to avoid interference by legs of the car seats, etc.

The steam pipe 19 and the discharge pipe 24 are each provided with controlling valves 27. These valves may be of any suitable nature. It is only necessary to provide some sort of valve which will satisfactorily control the admission of steam, and some sort of valve which v'ill satisfactorily permit of the discharge of air and water of condensation. No claim is made in the present case to any particular form of valve for use in this respect, and it is expressly understood that the invention is in no wise limited to any particular type of valve this feature being entirely optional with the builder or user.` i

As shown in the drawings a cross or division wall 28"i is placed opposite the points of communication of the pipes 6 with the discharge chamber. This is to insure a dei'iection of the air and water coming from the pipejG` to the forward part of the chamber and into the discharge pipe 24. The valve 22, as heretofore stated, is of a shiftable nature and comprises the seating face 23 heretofore referred to which may be termed the front seating face, and a seating face 28 which may be termed the rear seating face.r and which in the construction shown, is of a flat nature, and has a greater square area of exposed surface than the front seating face.

The division wall 13 is provided with an opening 29, ythe walls of'which are threaded, and into which is inserted a ring 30 threaded to mesh with the threaded walls of the opening, and this ring in the construction shown is provided with a series of rearwardly extending webs 31 terminating in a hub 32, and this hub forms a bearingy for.

a stem 33 attached to the valve member 22, which stem has a sliding fit within said hub. rI`he provision of the ring 30 is necessitated in order to assemble the valve in position. In assembling the valve the same is placed in the chamber 14 through the opening 29 in the wall 13, and after being so placed the ring 30 is secured into position, reducing the size of the opening 29, and thus locking the valve in position within the space 16.

By referring to Fig. 2 it will be clearly observed that the flat or rear face 28 of the valve member 22 is in communication with ,the discharge chamber 15, and the forward tapered surfacey 23 of the valve member is .in communication with the steam pipe l19. Upon the initial operation of the system the pressure of the steam from the pipe 19 will force the valve over into the `position shown in Fig. 2, but as the water of condensation accumulates within the chamber 15 the pressure of this water will act upon the face 28, and when said pressure has become greater than the pressure of the steam from the pipe 19, 'said valve will be shifted sov as to seat the face 23 and cut olf further entrance of steam linto the steam chamber. This will establish communication between the condensation chamber 15- and the steam chamber 14 through the opening 29 and passage 16. Some of the water from .the condensation chamber will then iiow into the steam chamber 16. This steam chamber is hot from the action of the steam, and the water from the condensation chamber `when it enters the hot steam chamber will be increased in temperature and will rise. After a relatively small quantity of water has flowed from the condensation chamber to the steam chamber, the pressure in the condensation chamber will have dropped sufficiently so that the pressure in the steam pipe 19 is greater than in the condensation chamber, and the valve will again shiftrbacl to the position shown in Fig. 2. Steam will again enter, and continue to enter, until the pressure in the condensation chamber is greater than the pressure in the pipe 19, when the valve will again shift allowing another quantity of water to enter the steam chamber from the condensation chamber,

which water will become heated and rise as previously explained. This follows the well known principle of hot water circulation in which a circulating pipe is provided together with means for applying heat to the pipe at a particular point. The heat will cause the water to rise at its point of application to the pipe, so that it ascends on one side of the circulating pipe and descends on the other with the result that a circulation is established. In the present case the steam chamber is the point of application of heat while the pipes 4:, 5, and 6, together with the union 8, are the circulating pipes. To summarize the foregoing, the circulation is established by alternately allowing relatively small quantities of water to enter into the heated steam chamber followed by the admission of steam into the steam chamber discharge pipe, bringing' into one single compact member all of the means which are necessary to the working of thefheating system.

Where statements are made concerning differences in pressure upon the steam side and the water of condensation side of the valve 22, this is understood not to mean an actual difference in pounds pressure as between the train pipe and the coil, but is the difference in pressure brought about owing tothe increased area of the face of a valve 22 on the water of condensation side from the area on the steam side of said valve.

It is'understood that the present appliance produces a circulating system, and that the hot water is circulated through the pipes even after the steam is cut 0E. This is owing t0 the fact that the two upper pipes are hotter than the lower pipe, and the hot water from the upper pipes traveling through the same and into the lower pipe will force the colder water from the lower pipe up into the upper pipes and thus the circulation is maintained.

I claim:

1. In a heating appliance, the combination of means affording a steam chamber and a water of condensation chamber, a main steam supply pipe communicating with the steam chamber, a series of pipes having one end thereof communicating with the steam chamber and the other end communicating with the condensation chamber, and means actuated by differences in pressure within the steam chamber and condensation chamber for simultaneously establishing communication between said chambers and cutting 0E communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when movedy into one position, and for simultaneously cutting 0H" communication between said chambers and establishing communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved to another position, substantially as described.

2. In a heating appliance, the combination of means affording a steam chamber and water of condensation chamber, a main steam supply pipe communicating with the steam chamber, a series of pipes having one end thereof communicating with the steam chamber and the other end communicating with the condensation chamber, a shiftable member actuated by differences in pressure within the steamv chamber and condensation chamber for simultaneously establishing communication between said chambers and cutting olf communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved Y into one position, and for simultaneously cut ting ofi' communication between said chambers and establishing communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved into another position, substantially as described.

and cutting off communication between the n steam chamber and supply pipe when moved into one position, and for simultaneously cutting o communication between the steam chamber and water of condensation chamber and establishing communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved into another position, substantially as described.

4. In a heating appliance, the combination of a single casing having a steam chamber and a water of condensation chamber therein, a main steam supply pipe communicating with the steam chamber, a series of pipes, the lowermost pipe communicating with the water of condensation chamber, the n remainder of the pipes communicating at one end with the steam chamber and at their other end with the lowermost pipe and a shiftable member actuated by differences in pressure within the steam chamber and condensation chamber for simultaneously establishing communication between said chambers and cutting off communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved into one position and for simultaneously cutting off communication between the steam chamber and water of condensation chamber and establishing communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved into another position, substantially as described.

5. In a heating appliance, the combination of means aording a steam chamber and a water of condensation chamber, a main steam supply pipe communicating with the steam chamber, a series of pipes having one end thereof communicating with the steam chamber and the other end communicating with the water of condensation chamber, a shiftable member actuated by differences in pressure within the steam chamber and condensation chamber for simultaneously establishing communication between the said chambers and cutting o communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved into one position, and for simultaneously cutting olf communication between said chambers and establishing communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved into another position, rand said shiftable member presenting a greaterexposed area toward the water of condensation chamber than toward the steam chamber, substantially as described.

6. In a heating appliance, the combination of a single casing having a steam chamber and a water of condensation chamber therein, a main/steam supply pipe communicating with the steam chamber, a series of pipes, the lowermost pipe communicating with the water of condensation chamber, the remainder of the pipes communicating at one end with the steam chamber and at their other end with the lowermost pipe, a shiftablemember actuated by differences in pressure within the steam chamber and condensation chamber for simultaneously establishing communication between said chambers and .cutting off communication between the steam chamber and supply pipe when moved in one direction and for simultaneously cutting off communication between the steam chamber and water of condensation chamber and establishing communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved in the other direction, and said shiftable member presenting a greater exposed area toward the water of condensation chamber than toward the steam chamber, substantially as described.

7. In a heating appliance, the combination of a casing divided in its interior to form a steam chamber along the forward and upper portions thereof and a water of condensation chamber along the lower portion thereof, a main steam supply pipe communicating with the steam chamber, a series of circulating pipes, the lowermost pipe communicating with the water of condensation chamber, the remainder of the pipes communicating at one end with the steam chamber and at the other end with differences in pressure within the steam Vchamber and condensation chamber for simultaneously establishing communication between the water of condensation chamber and steam chamber and cutting off communication between the steam supply pipe and steam chamber when moved in one direction and for simultaneo usly cutting ofi:l communication between the steam chamber' and water of condensation chamber, and for establishing communication between the supply pipe and steam chamber when moved into the other direction, substantially as described.

8. In a heating appliance, the combination of a casing divided in its interior to form a steam chamber along the forward and upper portions thereof, and a water of condensation chamber along the lower portion thereof, a mainl steam supply pipe communicating with the steam chamber, a series of circulating pipes, the lowermost pipe communicating with the water of condensaessi" amasser. corr tion chamber, the remaining pipes communicating at one end with the steam chamber and at the other end with the lowermost pipe, and a shiiitable member actuated by differences in pressure within the steam chamber and condensation chamber for simultaneously establishing communication between the water of condensation chamber and steam chamber, and cutting off communication between the steam supply pipe and steam chamber when moved in one direction, and for simultaneously cutting ott1 communication between the steam chamber and water of condensation chamber, and for establishing communication between the steam supply pipe and steam chamber when moved in the other direction, substantially as described.

9. In a heating appliance, the combination of a casing, divided in its interior to form a steam chamber along the forward and upper portions thereof, and a water of condensation chamber along the lower portion thereof, a main steam supply pipe communicating with the steam chamber, a series of circulating pipes, the lowermost pipe communicating with the water of condensation chamber, the remainder of the pipes communicating at one end with the steam chamber and at the other end with the lowermost pipe, a shiftable member actuated by dilerences in pressure within the steam chamber and condensation chamber for simultaneously establishing communication between the water of condensation chamber and steam chamber, and cutting oli communication between the steam supply pipe and steam chamber when moved in one direction, and for simultaneously cutting off communication between the steam chamber and water of condensation chamber and for establishing communication between the steam supply pipe and steam chamber when moved in the other direction, and said shiftable member presenting a greater exposed area toward the condensation chamber than i toward the steam chamber, substantially as EPHRAIM BANNING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

